The phenomenon of mass transfer dead zones within redox flow batteries has been discovered and reported, but its formation mechanism has not been systematically analyzed and discussed due to its invol

Over the past decades, photovoltaic technologies as power supply systems have received much attention due to the increased need for energy-harvesting devices. Among the various techniques, perovskite

Butterflies and moths, or the Lepidoptera, have evolved a proboscis for drinking nectar and pollinating flowers. The large variations in proboscis length, from millimeters to 30 cm, represent the biod

As an emerging promising attachment technique, electrostatic adhesion has been extensively applied in soft robots, flying vehicles, wearable devices, grippers, and aerospace applications. Usually, it

In recent years, origami structures and technologies, as a frontier research field, have shown great potential in applications such as space structures, energy-absorbing structures, and robotics. Howe

There are growing demands for multimaterial three-dimensional (3D) printing to manufacture 3D objects where voxels with different properties and functions are precisely arranged. Digital light process